Publications

Scheiter, S.; Higgins, S.I.; Osborne, C.P., Bradshaw, C.; Lunt, D.; Ripley, B.S.; Taylor, L.L.; Beerling, D.J. (in press) Fire and fire-adapted vegetation promote C4 expansion in the late Miocene. NEW PHYTOLOGIST

Hartig, F.; Dyke, J.; Hickler, T.; Higgins, S.I.; O’Hara, R.B.; Scheiter, S.; Huth, A. (in press) Connecting dynamic vegetation models to data - an inverse perspective. JOURNAL OF BIOGEOGRAPHY.

Scheiter, S.; Higgins, S.I. (in press) How many elephants can you fit into a conservation area. CONSERVATION LETTERS, PDF

Buitenwerf, R.; Bond, W.J.; Stevens, N.; Trollope, W.S.W. (2012) Increased tree densities in South African savannas: >50 years of data suggests CO2 as a driver. GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY, 18, 675-684. PDF

Higgins, S.I.; Delgado-Cartay, M.D.; February, E.C.; Combrink, H.J. (2011) Is there a temporal niche separation in the leaf phenology of savanna trees and grasses?. JOURNAL OF BIOGEOGRAPHY, 38, 2165-2175. PDF

Ratnam, J.; Bond, W.J.; Fensham, R.J.; Hoffmann, W.A.; Archibald, S.; Lehmann, C.E.R.; Anderson, M.T.; Higgins, S.I. ; Sankaran, M. (2011) When is a 'forest' a savanna, and why does it matter? GLOBAL ECOLOGY AND BIOGEOGRAPHY, 20, 653-660. PDF

Verweij, R, J.T.; Higgins, S.I.; Bond, W.J.; February, E.C. (2011) Water sourcing by trees in a mesic savanna: Responses to severing deep and shallow roots. ENVIRONMENTAL AND EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY, 74, 229-236. PDF

Bernhardt-Römermann M, Römermann C, Sperlich S, Schmidt W (2011) Explaining grassland biomass – the contribution of climate, species and functional diversity depends on fertilisation and mowing frequency. JOURNAL OF APPLIED ECOLOGY, 48, 1088-1097. PDF

Moncrieff, G.; Chamaillé-Jammes, S.; Higgins, S.I.; O'Hara, R.; Bond, W.J. (2011) Tree allometries reflect a lifetime of herbivory in an African savanna. ECOLOGY, 92, 2310-2315. PDF

Drobnik, J., Römermann, C., Bernhardt-Römermann, M. & Poschlod, P. (2011) Adaptation of plant functional group composition to management changes in calcareous grassland. AGRICULTURE ECOSYSTEMS & ENVIRONMENT, 145, 29-37. PDF

Buitenwerf, R., Stevens, N., Gosling, C.M., Anderson, T.M. and Olff, H. (2011) Interactions between large herbivores and litter removal by termites across a rainfall gradient in a South African savanna. JOURNAL OF TROPICAL ECOLOGY, 27, 375-382. PDF

Buitenwerf, R., Swemmer, A.M. and Peel, M.J.S. (2011) Long-term dynamics of herbaceous vegetation structure and composition in two African savanna reserves. JOURNAL OF APPLIED ECOLOGY, 48, 238-246.PDF

February, E.C. & Higgins, S.I. (2010). The distribution of tree and grass roots in savannas in relation to soil nitrogen and water. SOUTH AFRICAN JOURNAL OF BOTANY. 76, 517-523. PDF

Saatkamp, A., Römermann, C. & Dutoit, T (2010). Plant functional traits show non-linear response to grazing. FOLIA GEOBOTANICA. 45, 239-252.

Higgins, S.I., Scheiter, S. & Sankaran, M. (2010). The stability of African savannas: Insights from the indirect estimation of the parameters of a dynamic model. ECOLOGY, 91, 1682-1692. PDF

Zimmermann, J., Higgins, S.I., Grimm, V., Hoffmann, J. & Linstädter, A. (2010). Grass mortality in semi-arid savanna: The role of fire, competition and self-shading. PERSPECTIVES IN PLANT ECOLOGY EVOLUTION AND SYSTEMATICS, 12, 1-8. PDF

Römermann C., Bernhardt-Römermann M., Kleyer M. & Poschlod P. (2009) Substitutes for grazing in semi-natural grasslands- do mowing or mulching represent valuable alternatives to maintain vegetation structure? JOURNAL OF VEGETATION SCIENCE, 20, 1086-1098. PDF

Knapp, S., Kühn, I., Bakker, J., Kleyer, M., Klotz, S., Ozinga, W., Poschlod, P., Thompson, K., Thuiller, W. & Römermann, C. (2009) How species traits and affinity to urban land use control large-scale species frequency. DIVERSITY AND DISTRIBUTIONS. 15, 533-546.

Öster, M., Ask, K., Römermann, C., Tackenberg, O. and Eriksson O. (2009) Plant colonization of ex-arable fields from adjacent species-rich grasslands: The importance of dispersal vs. recruitment ability. AGRICULTURE ECOSYSTEMS & ENVIRONMENT, 130, 93-99. doi:10.1016/j.agee.2008.12.005

Scheiter, S. & Higgins, S.I. (2009). Impacts of climate change on the vegetation of Africa: an adaptive dynamic vegetation modelling approach (aDGVM). GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY, 15, 2224-2246. PDF

Ozinga, W.A., Römermann, C., R.M. Bekker, A. Prinzing, W.L.M. Tamis, J.H.J. Schaminée, S.M. Hennekens, K. Thompson, P. Poschlod, M. Kleyer, J.P. Bakker & J.M. van Groenendael (2009) Dispersal failure contributes to plant losses in NW Europe. ECOLOGY LETTERS 12: 66-74. PDF

Chang, E.R., Veeneklaas, R.M., Buitenwerf, R., Bakker, J.P. and Bouma, T.J. (2008) To move or not to move: determinants of seed retention in a tidal marsh. FUNCTIONAL ECOLOGY, 22, 720-727.

Freymann, B.P., Buitenwerf, R., DeSouza, O. and Olff, H. (2008) The importance of termites (Isoptera) for the recycling of herbivore dung in tropical ecosystems: a review. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF ENTOMOLOGY, 105, 165-173.

Higgins, S.I.; Bond, W.J.; Trollope, W.S.W. & Williams, R. (2008). Physically motivated empirical models for the spread and intensity of grass fires. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF WILDLAND FIRE, 17, 595–601. PDF

Kleyer, M.; Bekker, R.M.; Knevel, I.C.; Bakker, J.P.; Thompson, K.; Sonnenschein, M.; Poschlod, P.; Van Groenendael, J.M.; Klimeš, L.; Klimešová, J.; Klotz, S.; Rusch, G.M.; Hermy, M.; Adriaens, D.; Boedeltje, G.; Bossuyt, B.; Dannemann, A.; Endels, P.; Götzenberger, L.; Hodgson, J.G.; Jackel, A-K.; Kühn, I.; Kunzmann, D.; Ozinga, W.A.; Römermann, C.; Stadler, M.; Schlegelmilch, J.; Steendam, H.J.; Tackenberg, O.; Wilmann, B.; Cornelissen, J.H.C.; Eriksson, O.; Garnier, E.; Peco, B. (2008). The LEDA Traitbase: A database of life-history traits of Northwest European flora. JOURNAL OF ECOLOGY, 96, 1266-1274

Bernhardt-Römermann, M.; Römermann, C.; Nuske, R.; Parth, A.; Klotz, S.; Schmidt, W. & Stadler, J. (2008). On the identification of the most suitable traits for plant functional trait analyses. OIKOS, 117, 1533-1541. PDF

Zimmermann, J.; Higgins, S.I.; Grimm, V.; Hoffmann, J.; Münkemüller, T & Linstädter, A. (2008). Recruitment filters in a perennial grassland: the interactive roles of fire, competitors, moisture and seed availability. JOURNAL OF ECOLOGY, 96, 1033-1044. PDF

Higgins, S.I.; Flores, O. & Schurr, F.M. (2008). Costs of persistence and the spread of competing seeders and sprouters. JOURNAL OF ECOLOGY, 96, 679–686. PDF

Römermann, C.; Tackenberg, O.; Jackel, A.-K. & Poschlod, P. (2008). Eutrophication and fragmentation are related to species' rate of decline but not to species rarity! Results from a functional approach. BIODIVERSITY AND CONSERVATION, 17, 591-604. PDF

Midgley, G.F.; Thuiller, W. & Higgins S.I. (2007) Plant species migration as a key uncertainty in redicting future impacts of climate change on ecosystems: progress and challenges. In: Terrestrial Ecosystems in a Changing World (eds Canadell J.G., Pataki D.E., Pitelka L.F.), pp. 129–137. Springer-Verlag, Berlin.

Börner, J.; Higgins, S.I.; Kantelhardt, J. & Scheiter, S. (2007). Rainfall or price variability: what determines rangeland management decisions? A simulation-optimization approach to South African savannas. AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS, 37, 189–200. PDF

Scheiter, S. & Higgins, S.I. (2007). Partitioning of root and shoot competition and the stability of savannas. AMERICAN NATURALIST, 170, 587-601. PDF

Ozinga, W.A.; Hennekens, S.M.; Schaminee, J.H.J.; Smits, N.A.C.; Bekker, R.M.; Römermann, C.; Klimes, L.; Bakker, J.P. & van Groenendael, J.M. (2007). Local above-ground persistence of vascular plants: Life-history trade-offs and environmental constraints. JOURNAL OF VEGETATION SCIENCE, 18, 489-497. PDF

Schurr, F.M.; Midgley, G.F.; Rebelo, A.G.; Reeves, G.; Poschlod, P. & Higgins, S.I. (2007). Colonization and persistence ability explain the extent to which plant species fill their potential range. GLOBAL ECOLOGY AND BIOGEOGRAPHY, 16, 449-459. PDF

Römermann, C.; Tackenberg, O.; Scheuerer, M.; May, R. & Poschlod, P. (2007). Predicting habitat distribution and frequency from plant species co-occurrence data. JOURNAL OF BIOGEOGRAPHY, 34, 1041-1052. PDF

Higgins, S.I.; Bond, W.J.; February, E.C.; Bronn, A.; Euston-Brown, D.I.W.; Enslin, B.; Govender, N.; Rademan, L.; O'Regan, S.; Potgieter, A.L.F.; Scheiter, S.; Sowry, R.; Trollope, L. & Trollope, W.S.W. (2007). Effects of four decades of fire manipulation on woody vegetation structure in savanna. ECOLOGY, 88, 1119-1125. PDF

Higgins, S.I.; Kantelhardt, J.; Scheiter, S. & Boerner, J. (2007). Sustainable management of extensively managed savanna rangelands. ECOLOGICAL ECONOMICS, 62, 102-114. PDF

February, E.C.; Higgins, S.I.; Newton, R. & West, A.G. (2007). Tree distribution on a steep environmental gradient in an arid savanna. JOURNAL OF BIOGEOGRAPHY, 34, 270-278. PDF

Buisson, E.; Dutoit, T.; Torre, F.; Römermann, C. & Poschlod, P. (2006). The implications of seed rain and seed bank patterns for plant succession at the edges of abandoned fields in Mediterranean landscapes. AGRICULTURE ECOSYSTEMS & ENVIRONMENT, 115, 6-14. PDF

Tackenberg, O.; Römermann, C.; Thompson, K. & Poschlod, P. (2006). What does diaspore morphology tell us about external animal dispersal? Evidence from standardized experiments measuring seed retention on animal-coats. BASIC AND APPLIED ECOLOGY, 7, 45-58. PDF

Sankaran, M.; Hanan, N.P.; Scholes, R.J.; Ratnam, J.; Augustine, D.J.; Cade, B.S.; Gignoux, J.; Higgins, S.I.; Le Roux, X.; Ludwig, F.; Ardo, J.; Banyikwa, F.; Bronn, A.; Bucini, G.; Caylor, K.K.; Coughenour, M.B.; Diouf, A.; Ekaya, W.; Feral, C.J.; February, E.C.; Frost, P.G.H.; Hiernaux, P.; Hrabar, H.; Metzger, K.L.; Prins, H.H.T.; Ringrose, S.; Sea, W.; Tews, J.; Worden, J. & Zambatis, N. (2005). Determinants of woody cover in African savannas. NATURE, 438, 846-849. PDF

Schurr, F.M.; Bond, W.J.; Midgley, G.F. & Higgins, S.I. (2005). A mechanistic model for secondary seed dispersal by wind and its experimental validation. JOURNAL OF ECOLOGY, 93, 1017-1028. PDF

Römermann, C.; Tackenberg, O. & Poschlod, P. (2005). How to predict attachment potential of seeds to sheep and cattle coat from simple morphological seed traits. OIKOS, 110, 219-230. PDF

Römermann, C.; Dutoit, T.; Poschlod, P. & Buisson, E. (2005). Influence of former cultivation on the unique Mediterranean steppe of France and consequences for conservation management. BIOLOGICAL CONSERVATION, 121, 21-33. PDF

Higgins, S.I.; Nathan, R. & Cain, M.L. (2003). Are long-distance dispersal events in plants usually caused by nonstandard means of dispersal?. ECOLOGY, 84, 1945-1956. PDF

Higgins, S.I.; Clark, J.S.; Nathan, R.; Hovestadt, T.; Schurr, F.; Fragoso, J.M.V.; Aguiar, M.R.; Ribbens, E. & Lavorel, S. (2003). Forecasting plant migration rates: managing uncertainty for risk assessment. JOURNAL OF ECOLOGY, 91, 341-347. PDF

Higgins, S.I.; Lavorel, S. & Revilla, E. (2003). Estimating plant migration rates under habitat loss and fragmentation. OIKOS, 101, 354-366. PDF

Robertson, M.P.; Villet, M.H.; Fairbanks, D.H.K.; Henderson, L.; Higgins, S.I.; Hoffmann, J.H.; Le Maitre, D.C.; Palmer, A.R.; Riggs, I.; Shackleton, C.M. & Zimmermann, H.G. (2003). A proposed prioritization system for the management of invasive alien plants in South Africa. SOUTH AFRICAN JOURNAL OF SCIENCE, 99, 37-43. PDF

Higgins, S.I. & Cain, M.L. (2002). Spatially realistic plant metapopulation models and the colonization-competition trade-off. JOURNAL OF ECOLOGY, 90, 616-626. PDF

Beukes, P.C.; Cowling, R.M. & Higgins, S.I. (2002). An ecological economic simulation model of a non-selective grazing system in the Nama Karoo, South Africa. ECOLOGICAL ECONOMICS, 42, 221-242. PDF

Higgins, S.I.; Richardson, D.M. & Cowling, R.M. (2001). Validation of a spatial simulation model of a spreading alien plant population. JOURNAL OF APPLIED ECOLOGY, 38, 571-584. PDF

Higgins, S.I.; Bond, W.J. & Pickett, S.T.A. (2001). Environmental stochasticity cannot save declining populationsReply from Higgins, Bond & Pickett. TRENDS IN ECOLOGY & EVOLUTION, 16, 177-177.

Higgins, S.I.; Richardson, D.M. & Cowling, R.M. (2000). Using a dynamic landscape model for planning the management of alien plant invasions. ECOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS, 10, 1833-1848. PDF

Higgins, S.I.; Pickett, S.T.A. & Bond, W.J. (2000). Predicting extinction risks for plants: environmental stochasticity can save declining populations. TRENDS IN ECOLOGY & EVOLUTION, 15, 516-520. PDF

Higgins, S.I.; Bond, W.J. & Trollope, W.S.W. (2000). Fire, resprouting and variability: a recipe for grass-tree coexistence in savanna. JOURNAL OF ECOLOGY, 88, 213-229. PDF

Higgins, S.I. & Richardson, D.M. (1999). Predicting plant migration rates in a changing world: The role of long-distance dispersal. AMERICAN NATURALIST, 153, 464-475. PDF

Higgins, S.I.; Shackleton, C.M. & Robinson, E.R. (1999). Changes in woody community structure and composition under constrasting landuse systems in a semi-arid savanna, South Africa. JOURNAL OF BIOGEOGRAPHY, 26, 619-627. PDF

Higgins, S.I.; Richardson, D.M.; Cowling, R.M. & Trinder-Smith, T.H. (1999). Predicting the landscape-scale distribution of alien plants and their threat to plant diversity. CONSERVATION BIOLOGY, 13, 303-313. PDF

Higgins, S.I. & Richardson, D.M. (1998). Pine invasions in the southern hemisphere: modelling interactions between organism, environment and disturbance. PLANT ECOLOGY, 135, 79-93. PDF

Higgins, S.I.; Azorin, E.J.; Cowling, R.M. & Morris, M.J. (1997). A dynamic ecological-economic model as a tool for conflict resolution in an invasive-alien-plant, biological control and native-plant scenario. ECOLOGICAL ECONOMICS, 22, 141-154. PDF

Higgins, S.I.; Turpie, J.K.; Costanza, R.; Cowling, R.M.; LeMaitre, D.C.; Marais, C. & Midgley, G.F. (1997). An ecological economic simulation model of mountain fynbos ecosystems - Dynamics, valuation and management. ECOLOGICAL ECONOMICS, 22, 155-169. PDF

Higgins, S.I.; Rogers, K.H. & Kemper, J. (1997). A description of the functional vegetation pattern of a semi-arid floodplain, South Africa. PLANT ECOLOGY, 129, 95-101. PDF

Higgins, S.I. & Richardson, D.M. (1996). A review of models of alien plant spread. ECOLOGICAL MODELLING, 87, 249-265. PDF

Higgins, S.I.; Richardson, D.M. & Cowling, R.M. (1996). Modeling invasive plant spread: The role of plant-environment interactions and model structure. ECOLOGY, 77, 2043-2054. PDF

Higgins, S.I.; Coetzee, M.A.S.; Marneweck, G.C. & Rogers, K.H. (1996). The Nyl River floodplain, South Africa, as a functional unit of the landscape: A review of current information. AFRICAN JOURNAL OF ECOLOGY, 34, 131-145. PDF

Richardson, D.M.; vanWilgen, B.W.; Higgins, S.I.; TrinderSmith, T.H.; Cowling, R.M. & McKell, D.H. (1996). Current and future threats to plant biodiversity on the Cape Peninsula, South Africa. BIODIVERSITY AND CONSERVATION, 5, 607-647. PDF

 

 

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